Chimbudzicho ndi cha chida chaukhondo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga madzi ndi zotengera. Chofunikira chachikulu cha chimbudzi chothandizira ichi ndi chakuti pulagi yoyeretsera imayikidwa pamtunda wapamwamba wa msampha wamadzi wooneka ngati S wa chimbudzi chomwe chilipo, mofanana ndi kuyika doko loyang'anira kapena kuyeretsa doko paipi ya ngalande kuti ayeretse zinthu zotsekedwa. . Chimbudzi chikatsekedwa, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kugwiritsa ntchito pulagi yoyeretserayi kuti achotse mosavuta, mwachangu, komanso mwaukhondo zinthu zotsekeka, zomwe ndi zachuma komanso zothandiza.
Chimbudzi, chomwe chimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a thupi la munthu chikagwiritsidwa ntchito, chimatha kugawidwa m'mitundu yowongoka komanso mtundu wa siphon molingana ndi njira yothamangitsira (mtundu wa siphon umagawidwanso kukhala mtundu wa jet siphon ndi mtundu wa vortex siphon)
Mitundu yayikulu yosinthira ndi kuwulutsa
Kugawika kwamapangidwe
Chimbudzi chikhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: chimbudzi chogawanika ndi chimbudzi cholumikizira. Nthawi zambiri, chimbudzi chogawanika chimatenga malo ambiri, pomwe chimbudzi cholumikizidwa chimatenga malo ochepa. Kuonjezera apo, chimbudzi chogawanika chiyenera kukhala ndi maonekedwe achikhalidwe komanso mtengo wotsika mtengo, pamene chimbudzi cholumikizidwa chiyenera kuwoneka chatsopano komanso chapamwamba, ndi mtengo wapamwamba.
Gulu la malo otulutsira madzi
Pali mitundu iwiri yotulutsira madzi: ngalande zapansi (zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti ngalande zapansi) ndi ngalande yopingasa (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti ngalande yakumbuyo). Potulutsira ngalande yopingasa ili pansi, ndipo gawo la payipi la rabara liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti lilumikizidwe ndi potulukira kumbuyo kwa chimbudzi. Kutuluka kwa mizere ya pansi, komwe kumadziwika kuti kukhetsa pansi, kumangogwirizanitsa ngalande za chimbudzi mukamagwiritsa ntchito.
Kugawika kwa njira za ngalande
Zimbudzi zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu a "direct flush" ndi "siphon" malinga ndi momwe amatulutsira.
Mtundu wa disinfection
Chimbudzi chopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chokhala ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba chothandizira chomwe chimakonzedwa pakatikati pa chivundikiro chapamwamba cha elliptical. Thandizo la chubu la nyali lokhazikika ndi lopangidwa ndi U, logwedezeka ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba ndikukhazikika pakatikati pa chivundikiro chapamwamba cha elliptical. Nyali ya ultraviolet yopangidwa ndi U imayikidwa pakati pa chivundikiro chapamwamba chothandizira ndi chithandizo cha chubu chokhazikika, ndipo chithandizo cha chubu cha nyali chokhazikika chimakhala chapamwamba kuposa kutalika kwa chubu cha ultraviolet chopangidwa ndi U; Kutalika kwa chithandizo cha chubu chokhazikika ndi chocheperapo kuposa kutalika kwa chivundikiro chapamwamba, ndipo kutalika kwa ndege ya microswitch K2 ndi yocheperapo kapena yofanana ndi kutalika kwa chivundikiro chapamwamba. Mawaya awiri a pini a chubu la nyali ya ultraviolet yooneka ngati U ndi mawaya awiri a mapini a microswitch K2 amalumikizidwa kudera lamagetsi. Dera lamagetsi limapangidwa ndi magetsi oyendetsedwa bwino, dera lochedwa, microswitch K1, ndi dera lowongolera. Imayikidwa mu bokosi lamakona anayi, ndipo mawaya anayi S1, S2, S3, ndi S4 amalumikizidwa motsatana ndi mawaya awiri a pini a chubu la nyali ya U-mawonekedwe a ultraviolet ndi mawaya awiri a microswitch K2. Mzere wamagetsi umaponyedwa kunja kwa bokosi. Kapangidwe kake ndi kosavuta, mphamvu yoletsa kubereka ndi yabwino, ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzipinda zopumira za mahotela, malo odyera, malo odyera, ndi mabungwe aboma. Idzathandiza kwambiri kuthetsa kutseketsa ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'zimbudzi, kuteteza matenda obwera chifukwa cha mabakiteriya, komanso kuteteza thanzi la anthu m'thupi ndi m'maganizo.
Mtundu wopulumutsa madzi
Chimbudzi chopulumutsa madzi chimadziwika ndi: chimbudzi cham'madzi chomwe chili pansi pa chimbudzi chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi chitoliro chamadzi otayira, ndipo chotchinga chotsekeka cholumikizidwa ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba cha chimbudzi chimayikidwa pamalo operekera zimbudzi. pansi pa chimbudzi. Chimbudzi chosungira madzichi chimakhala ndi mphamvu yopulumutsa madzi ndipo chimachepetsa kutayira kwa zimbudzi, kuchepetsa bwino anthu ogwira ntchito, chuma, ndi ndalama zomwe zimafunikira popereka madzi, ngalande, ndi zimbudzi.
Zofunikira: Achimbudzi chosungira madzi, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi chimbudzi, chotchinga chosindikizira, ndi chipangizo chosungunula, chomwe chimadziwika kuti: chimbudzi cham'madzi chomwe chili pansi pa chimbudzi chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi chitoliro cha zimbudzi, ndipo chotchinga chotsekeka chimayikidwa pamadzi a chimbudzi. chotulutsira pansi pa chimbudzi. Chophimba chosindikizira chosunthika chimakhazikika pansi pa chimbudzi ndi ndodo yolumikizira, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba cha chimbudzi kudzera pa ndodo yozungulira, ndipo chipangizo champhamvu chamadzi cha pistoni chimayikidwa kutsogolo kwa chimbudzi. chipangizo chopondereza madzi a pistoni chimalumikizidwa ndi tanki yosungiramo madzi, ndipo valavu yoyimitsa madzi imayikidwa mkati. Kutulutsa kwamadzi kwa chipangizo chamagetsi cha pistoni kumalumikizidwa kumtunda kwa mkodzo kudzera papaipi yotulutsira madzi, ndipo valavu yoyimitsa madzi imayikidwa papaipi yotulutsa madzi. Chitoliro chamadzi cholumikizidwa ndi zinyalala zina chimalumikizidwa ndi chimbudzi cham'madzi pafupi ndi kugwirizana pakati pa chimbudzi cham'madzi ndi potulutsa zimbudzi za ndowe.
Mtundu wopulumutsa madzi
Chimbudzi chosunga madzi. Mbali yapansi ya chimbudzi imatsegulidwa, ndipo valavu yowonongeka imayikidwa mkati mwake ndikusindikizidwa ndi mphete yosindikiza. Vavu yachimbudzi imakhazikika pansi pa thupi la chimbudzi ndi zomangira ndi mbale zokakamiza. Pali mutu wakuwaza pamwamba pa chimbudzi. Valavu yolumikizira ili kumbali ya chimbudzi pansi pa chogwirira ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi chogwirira. Kapangidwe kosavuta, mtengo wotchipa, kusatseka, komanso kupulumutsa madzi.
Zochita zambiri
Chimbudzi chokhala ndi ntchito zambiri, makamaka chomwe chimatha kuzindikira kulemera, kutentha kwa thupi, ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga mkodzo. Ndi sensa ya kutentha yomwe imayikidwa pamalo osankhidwa pamwamba pa mpando; Pansi pa mipando yomwe ili pamwambayi imakhala ndi gawo limodzi lozindikira kulemera; Sensa yozindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga mkodzo imakonzedwa mkati mwa thupi lachimbudzi; Chigawo chowongolera chimakhala ndi gawo lowongolera lomwe limasintha ma analogi omwe amaperekedwa ndi sensa ya kutentha, chigawo chozindikira kulemera, ndi sensa ya glucose ya mkodzo kukhala ma siginali odziwika. Malinga ndi kupangidwa kwamakono, anthu amakono amatha kuyeza kulemera kwawo, kutentha kwa thupi, ndi shuga wa mkodzo pogwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi kamodzi patsiku.
Gawani mtundu
Chimbudzi chogawanika chimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi, mphamvu zokwanira zotsuka, masitayelo angapo, komanso mtengo wotchuka kwambiri. Thupi logawanika nthawi zambiri limakhala ngati madzi akutuluka, ndi phokoso lalikulu. Chifukwa cha kuwombera kosiyana kwa thanki yamadzi ndi thupi lalikulu, zokolola ndizokwera kwambiri. Kusankhidwa kwa kulekana kumachepetsedwa ndi mtunda pakati pa maenje. Ngati ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kusiyana ndi mtunda wa pakati pa maenje, nthawi zambiri amaganiziridwa kuti amamanga khoma kuseri kwa chimbudzi kuti athetse vutoli. Madzi a kugawanika ndi apamwamba, mphamvu yothamanga imakhala yamphamvu, ndipo ndithudi, phokoso limakhalanso lalikulu. Mtundu wogawanika siwokongola ngati mawonekedwe ogwirizana.
Fomu yolumikizidwa
Chimbudzi cholumikizidwa chimakhala ndi mapangidwe amakono, okhala ndi madzi otsika poyerekeza ndi tanki yamadzi ogawanika. Imagwiritsa ntchito madzi ochulukirapo ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwera mtengo kuposa thanki yamadzi yogawanika. Thupi lolumikizidwa nthawi zambiri limakhala ngati madzi amtundu wa siphon omwe amakhala chete. Chifukwa cha tanki yamadzi yolumikizidwa ndi thupi lalikulu kuti liwotchedwe, zimakhala zosavuta kuwotcha, kotero zokolola zimakhala zochepa. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi a mgwirizano, kusiyana kwa dzenje la mgwirizanowo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa kuti awonjezere mphamvu yothamanga. Kulumikizana sikuli malire ndi mtunda wa pakati pa maenje, malinga ngati uli wocheperapo kusiyana ndi mtunda pakati pa nyumba.
Wall womangidwa
Chimbudzi chokhala ndi khoma chimakhala ndi zofunikira zapamwamba chifukwa cha tanki yamadzi yophatikizidwa (singathe kukonzedwa ngati yathyoka), ndipo mtengo umakhalanso wokwera mtengo kwambiri. Ubwino wake ndikuti sizitenga malo ndipo zimakhala ndi mapangidwe apamwamba, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kunja. Kwa matanki amadzi obisika a chimbudzi, nthawi zambiri, matanki olumikizidwa, ogawanika, ndi obisika amatha kuwonongeka popanda thanki yamadziyo. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukalamba kwa zida za tanki yamadzi komanso kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukalamba kwa mapadi a rabara.
Malinga ndi mfundo yakutulutsa zimbudzi, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya zimbudzi pamsika: Direct flush ndi siphon flush. Mtundu wa siphon umagawidwanso mu mtundu wa vortex siphon ndi mtundu wa jet siphon. Ubwino ndi kuipa kwawo ndi izi:
Mtundu wachindunji
Chimbudzi chotuluka mwachindunji chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamadzi kuti ichotse ndowe. Nthawi zambiri, khoma la dziwe ndi lotsetsereka ndipo malo osungira madzi ndi ochepa, kotero mphamvu ya hydraulic imakhala yokhazikika. Mphamvu ya hydraulic mozungulira mphete yachimbudzi imawonjezeka, ndipo kuyendetsa bwino kumakhala kwakukulu.
Ubwino wake: Mpope wakuchimbudzi wachimbudzi ndi wosavuta, wokhala ndi njira yaifupi komanso yokhuthala (nthawi zambiri mainchesi 9 mpaka 10). Itha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokoka yamadzi kuti iyeretse chimbudzi, ndipo kutulutsa kwake kumakhala kochepa. Poyerekeza ndi chimbudzi cha siphon potengera mphamvu yothamangitsira, chimbudzi chachindunji sichikhala ndi bend yobwerera ndipo imatenga njira yowongoka, yomwe ndiyosavuta kutulutsa dothi lalikulu. Sikophweka kuyambitsa kutsekeka panthawi yothamanga, ndipo palibe chifukwa chokonzekera pepala la pepala mu bafa. Pankhani yosunga madzi, ndi bwinonso kuposa chimbudzi cha siphon.
Kuipa kwake: Cholepheretsa chachikulu cha zimbudzi zothamangitsidwa mwachindunji ndi mawu okweza kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, chifukwa cha malo ang'onoang'ono osungira madzi, makulitsidwe amatha kuchitika, ndipo ntchito yoletsa fungo si yabwino ngati yazimbudzi za siphon. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu yocheperako ya zimbudzi zothamangitsidwa mwachindunji pamsika, ndipo zosankha sizili zazikulu ngati zimbudzi za siphon.
Siphon mtundu
Mapangidwe a chimbudzi chamtundu wa siphon ndikuti payipi yotulutsa madzi ili mu mawonekedwe a "Å". Madzi akadzadza ndi madzi, padzakhala kusiyana kwina kwa mlingo wa madzi. Kukoka kopangidwa ndi madzi otsuka mupaipi yachimbudzi mkati mwa chimbudzi kudzatulutsa chimbudzi. Chifukwa ngati chimbudzi chamtundu wa siphon chimadalira mphamvu ya madzi, madzi omwe ali mu dziwe amakhala okulirapo ndipo phokoso lachimbudzi ndi laling'ono. Chimbudzi chamtundu wa siphon chingathenso kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: vortex mtundu wa siphon ndi jet mtundu wa siphon.
1) Vortex siphon
Chimbudzi chamtundu wamtunduwu chili mbali imodzi ya pansi pa chimbudzi. Kuthamanga, madzi otuluka amapanga vortex pakhoma la dziwe, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu yothamanga ya madzi pakhoma la dziwe komanso kumawonjezera mphamvu ya siphon, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kutulutsa ziwalo zamkati za chimbudzi.
2) Jet siphon
Kuwongolera kwina kwapangidwa ku chimbudzi chamtundu wa siphon powonjezera njira yachiwiri yopopera pansi pa chimbudzi, yogwirizana ndi pakati pa chimbudzi. Mukatsuka, gawo lina lamadzi limatuluka kuchokera mu dzenje logawa madzi kuzungulira chimbudzi, ndipo gawo lina limapopera ndi doko lopopera. Chimbudzi chamtunduwu chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokulirapo yamadzi pamaziko a siphon kuti ichotse mwachangu dothi.
Ubwino wake: Ubwino waukulu wa chimbudzi cha siphon ndi phokoso lake lotsika, lomwe limatchedwa osalankhula. Pankhani ya mphamvu yothamanga, mtundu wa siphon ndi wosavuta kutulutsa dothi lomwe limamatira pamwamba pa chimbudzi chifukwa uli ndi mphamvu yosungiramo madzi ochulukirapo komanso kupewa fungo labwino kuposa mtundu wachindunji. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zimbudzi zamtundu wa siphon pamsika, ndipo padzakhala zosankha zambiri zogulira chimbudzi.
Kuipa kwake: Potulutsa chimbudzi cha siphon, madziwo ayenera kutsanulidwa pamwamba kwambiri dothi lisanatsukidwe. Choncho, madzi okwanira ayenera kukhalapo kuti akwaniritse cholinga chotsuka. Pafupifupi malita 8 mpaka 9 amadzi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi iliyonse, yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri. Kuzama kwa chitoliro chamtundu wa siphon ndi pafupifupi masentimita 56, omwe amatha kutsekeka mosavuta akamatuluka, kotero pepala lakuchimbudzi silingaponyedwe mwachindunji kuchimbudzi. Kuyika chimbudzi chamtundu wa siphon nthawi zambiri kumafuna dengu lamapepala ndi lamba.
1, Kuthamanga kwa vortex siphon kumachokera ku vortex kapena zochitika za m'mphepete mwa diagonal, ndipo kutsekemera kwa chitoliro chobwerera mofulumira kumayambitsa siphon chodabwitsa mkati mwa chimbudzi. Ma siphon a Vortex amadziwika chifukwa cha malo awo akuluakulu otsekedwa ndi madzi komanso ntchito yabata kwambiri. Madziwo amapanga centripetal effect popondereza m'mphepete mwa kunja kwa chimango chozungulira, ndikupanga vortex pakati pa chimbudzi chokokera zomwe zili m'chimbudzi mu chitoliro cha chimbudzi. Mphamvu ya vortex iyi imathandizira kuyeretsa bwino chimbudzi. Chifukwa chamadzi omwe amagunda chimbudzi, madziwo amathamangira kumalo otulukira, kufulumizitsa mphamvu ya siphon ndikutulutsa litsiro.
2, Kuthamanga kwa Siphon ndi chimodzi mwazinthu ziwiri zomwe zimapanga siphon zotsatira popanda nozzle. Zimadalira kwathunthu madzi othamanga omwe amapangidwa ndi kutulutsa madzi kuchokera pampando kupita kuchimbudzi kuti mudzaze chitoliro chobwerera ndikuyambitsa siphon wa zimbudzi mu chimbudzi. Chikhalidwe chake ndi chakuti ali ndi madzi ochepa koma ofooka pang'ono phokoso. Monga ngati kuthira chidebe chamadzi m'chimbudzi, madziwo amadzaza chitoliro chobwerera, kuchititsa kuti siphon iwonongeke, kuchititsa kuti madzi atuluke msanga m'chimbudzi ndikuletsa madzi ochuluka kuti asatuluke m'chimbudzi.
3, Jet siphon ndi yofanana ndi lingaliro loyambirira la kapangidwe ka chitoliro cha siphon, chomwe ndichotsogola kwambiri. Bowo la jet limapopera madzi ambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo limayambitsa siphon, osakweza mulingo mkati mwa ndowa musanatulutse zomwe zili mkati. Kuwonjezera pa kugwira ntchito mwakachetechete, kupopera kwa siphon kumapanganso madzi akuluakulu. Madzi amalowa kudzera mu dzenje lopopera kutsogolo kwa mpando ndikubwereranso bend, kudzaza kwathunthu bend yobwerera, kupanga mphamvu yoyamwa, kuchititsa kuti madzi atuluke mofulumira kuchokera kuchimbudzi ndikulepheretsa madzi obwerera kuti asatuluke m'chimbudzi.
4, Mapangidwe amtundu wamagetsi samaphatikizapo siphon, amadalira mphamvu yoyendetsa yomwe imapangidwa ndi dontho lamadzi kuti litulutse dothi. Maonekedwe ake ndi phokoso lalikulu panthawi yothamanga, madzi ochepa komanso osaya, komanso ovuta kuyeretsa dothi ndikupanga fungo.
