“Chifukwa ndinagula nyumba yatsopano chaka chatha, kenako ndinayamba kuikongoletsa, koma sindikumvetsa bwino kusankha zimbudzi.” Panthawiyo, ine ndi mwamuna wanga tinali ndi udindo wochita ntchito zosiyanasiyana zokongoletsa nyumba, ndipo udindo waukulu wosankha ndi kugula zimbudzi unali m’manja mwanga.
Mwachidule, ndaphunzira za chimbudzi,chimbudzi chanzeru, chivindikiro cha chimbudzi chanzeru, ndichimbudzi chokwezedwa pakhomakulikonse. Nkhaniyi ikunena za kugawana njira yogulira zimbudzi zomangidwira pakhoma. "Ndikugwiritsanso ntchito mwayi uwu kufufuza chiyambi, makhalidwe, mfundo zofunika kuziganizira, ndi malingaliro ogula zimbudzi zomangidwira pakhoma. Ndikofunikanso kufufuza."
Chiyambi cha chimbudzi chokwezedwa pakhoma
Zimbudzi zomangidwira pakhoma zinachokera m'maiko otukuka ku Europe ndipo ndizodziwika kwambiri ku Europe ndi Australia. M'zaka zaposachedwa, zimbudzi zomangidwira pakhoma zakhala zotchuka pang'onopang'ono ku China ndipo zikutamandidwa kwambiri. Nyumba zambiri zapamwamba zapadziko lonse lapansi zagwiritsa ntchito njira yopangira ndi kukhazikitsa zimbudzi zomangidwira pakhoma mkati, zomwe zimawoneka zapamwamba kwambiri komanso zapamwamba.
Chimbudzi chomangiriridwa pakhoma ndi kapangidwe katsopano komwe kamabisa thanki yamadzi ya chimbudzi, mapaipi oyendera zimbudzi, ndi cholumikizira chimbudzi mkati mwa khoma, ndikusiya mpando wa chimbudzi ndi mbale yophimba.
Chimbudzi chomangidwa pakhoma chili ndi ubwino wotsatira:
Zosavuta kuyeretsa, palibe ngodya zaukhondo: Monga momwe mukuonera pachithunzichi, chimbudzi chomangiriridwa pakhoma chili pakhoma, ndipo gawo la pansi silikhudza nthaka, kotero palibe ngodya yaukhondo yomangiriridwa. Mukapukuta pansi, phulusa lomwe lili pansi pa chimbudzi chomangiriridwa pakhoma likhoza kukhala loyera bwino.
Kusunga malo: Chifukwa chake, thanki yamadzi, bulaketi, ndi chitoliro cha zinyalala cha chimbudzi zimabisika mkati mwa khoma, zomwe zimatha kusunga malo m'bafa. Tikudziwa kuti malo osambira m'nyumba zamalonda, makamaka m'nyumba zazing'ono, ndi ochepa kwambiri, ndipo n'kovuta kupanga magalasi ogawa shawa chifukwa cha malo ochepa. Koma ngati ali pakhoma, ndi bwino kwambiri.
Kusuntha kwa closestool yomangiriridwa pakhoma sikuli kokwanira: ngati ndi closestool yomangiriridwa pansi, malo a closestool amakhala okhazikika ndipo sangasinthidwe nthawi iliyonse (ndidzafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane pambuyo pake), koma closestool yomangiriridwa pakhoma ikhoza kuyikidwa pamalo aliwonse. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumalola kukonzekera bwino malo a bafa.
Kuchepetsa phokoso: Popeza makabati okhala ndi khoma amaikidwa pakhoma, khomalo lidzaletsa phokoso lomwe limabwera chifukwa chotsuka makabati. Zachidziwikire, makabati abwino okhala ndi khoma adzawonjezeranso gasket yochepetsera phokoso pakati pa thanki yamadzi ndi khoma, kuti asasokonezedwenso ndi phokoso lotulutsa madzi.
2. Zifukwa zomwe zimbudzi zomangidwira pakhoma zimatchuka ku Ulaya
Chofunika chimodzi kuti zimbudzi zomangiriridwa pakhoma zidziwike ku Ulaya ndichakuti zitulutse madzi pansi pomwe.
Madzi otuluka pansi pomwepa amatanthauza njira yotulutsira madzi mkati mwa nyumba pansi iliyonse yomwe ili ndi mapaipi pakhoma, imayenda pakhoma, ndipo pamapeto pake imalumikizana ndi chotulutsira madzi otuluka pansi pomwepa.
Ku China, njira yotulutsira madzi m'nyumba zambiri zamalonda ndi iyi: njira yotulutsira madzi pakati pa zigawo (njira yachikhalidwe yotulutsira madzi)
Madzi otuluka mkati mwa nyumba amatanthauza kuti mapaipi onse otuluka mkati mwa nyumba pa chipinda chilichonse amatsikira padenga la chipinda china, ndipo onse amakhala otseguka. Mwiniwake wa chipinda china ayenera kupanga denga lopachikidwa la nyumbayo kuti abise mapaipi otuluka kuti asakhudze kukongola kwake.
Monga mukuonera, kuti madzi atuluke pansi pomwepa, mapaipi amamangidwa pakhoma ndipo sapita pansi pa nyumba ina, kotero kutsuka sikungasokoneze anansi omwe ali pansi, ndipo chimbudzi chikhoza kuyikidwa pansi popanda ngodya yaukhondo.
"Mapaipi otulutsira madzi m'chipinda chotsatira amadutsa pansi ndikumira kupita padenga la chipinda chapansi (monga momwe tawonetsera pachithunzi pansipa), zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kukongola kwa chipinda, kotero tiyenera kukongoletsa denga." Vuto ndilakuti ngakhale kukongoletsa denga kuchitidwa, kudzakhudzidwabe ndi phokoso la kusamba kwa pamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azivutika kugona usiku. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati chitolirocho chikutuluka, chidzagwera mwachindunji pagawo la denga la chipinda chapansi, zomwe zingayambitse mikangano mosavuta.
Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti 80% ya nyumba ku Europe zimapangidwa ndi njira zotulutsira madzi pansi pomwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zimbudzi zomangika pakhoma zikwere. Chifukwa chake kutchuka kwake pang'onopang'ono ku Europe konse. Ku China, njira zambiri zotulutsira madzi m'nyumbamo ndi njira zotulutsira madzi m'magawo, zomwe zimatsimikiza malo omwe pali njira yotulutsira madzi m'chimbudzi kumayambiriro kwa ntchito yomanga. Mtunda wochokera pa njira yotulutsira madzi kupita ku khoma lokhala ndi matailosi umatchedwa mtunda wa dzenje. (Mipata ya dzenje m'nyumba zambiri zamalonda ndi 305mm kapena 400mm.)
Chifukwa cha kukonza msanga malo otseguka a dzenje komanso malo otseguka omwe anali pansi osati pakhoma, mwachibadwa tinasankha kugula chimbudzi chokhazikika pansi, chomwe chinakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali. "Chifukwa chakuti mitundu ya zimbudzi zokhazikika pakhoma ku Europe yalowa mumsika waku China ndikuyamba kutsatsa zimbudzi zokhazikika pakhoma, taona mapangidwe okongola komanso okongola, kotero tayamba kuyesa zimbudzi zokhazikika pakhoma." Pakadali pano, chimbudzi chokhazikika pakhoma chayamba kugwira moto.
